Taylor (Frederick Winslow Taylor, 1856-1915) as the father of industrial engineering. Through the famous 'shovel test', 'removal experiments' and 'cutting experiment', summed up as 'scientific management' of a set of ideas, the content of the process involved in manufacturing processes, labor organizations, specialization, standardization, working methods, operation measurement, wage incentive systems, as well as production planning and control issues such as improving its scientific and systematic IE open the way for the road today.
  Taylor was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, grew up in a wealthy family, with outstanding achievements to enter Harvard, but the eye follow the doctor's advice and drop-out. Taylor, a young man had been traveling in France, Germany and Italy, in 1883 he was the Department of Stevens Institute of night (Stevens Institute) received bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering (ME degree). 1878 to 1889 he was employed by the Midvale Steel Company, he starts from the grass-roots workers, rose to staff, mechanics, team leader, mapping, director, was promoted to chief engineer degree when he was only 37 years old. After 1898, he became consulting engineer, his most brilliant work in 1898 to serve in 1901 Bethlehem Steel Corporation (The Bethlehem Steel Company) of that time. In addition to the consultant's work, Taylor has developed a variety of new manufacturing processes, and access to hundreds of patents. Taylor has a well-known thesis: 'A Piece Rate System (1895)', 'Shop Management (1903)', 'On the Art of Cutting Metals (1906)', after his experience and thinking together in 1911 published a book called 'The Principles of Scientific Management', note the four principles of scientific management:
(1) The work of each individual, each unit to be analyzed are the scientific method to replace the previous trial and error from The rule of thumb.
(2) Select the most appropriate workers, and to train workers to the study of ways to improve.
(3) To make between the administrator and operations, develop a spirit of cooperation.
(4) Between managers and workers will be responsible for a fair division of work out, so that the parties can make their skills. In his famous 'shovel test', he was transported through the spade work on the work of research, to develop a standard set of actions; for different things shipped shovel designed shovel different; the provisions of each volume shovel; provides action frequency and so a series of measures to make transport workers shovel capacity multiplied many times over. This method is still one of the foundations of modern IE ----- research work. The purpose of research work is to ensure that the personal time and talents as well as the operation of the machine each time for all to make the most effective use. To improve their productivity and profitability, and maintain high staff salaries and the pay was high job satisfaction. Taylor can be said that this opened up IE discipline. He applied various methods, or the basis of modern IE. Even today, Taylor is still a number of ways to improve operations, increase productivity, one of the main methods. We usually say that the basis of IE, generally refers to the time study method, are the source of this.